Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj xim tsis muaj xim ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws yog dav paub txog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm qhov siab siab, xws li 70%, nws cov kev siv thiab kev tuav tswj tau ua ntau yam tshwj xeeb thiab ceev faj. Ntawm no peb tshawb txog kev siv thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm 70% hydrogen peroxide hauv ntau qhov chaw:
1. Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam
Rocket Propulsion:
Rocket Roj: Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv 70% hydrogen peroxide yog nyob rau hauv rocketry. Thaum 70% hydrogen peroxide decomposes, nws tso pa oxygen thiab chav ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas tuaj yeem siv rau propulsion. Nws tau raug siv los ua monopropellant (propellant uas muaj cov tshuaj ib leeg) lossis ua ib feem ntawm lub tshuab bipropellant.
Torpedoes thiab Submarines: Qee zaum, cov ntsiab lus siab hydrogen peroxide tau siv los ua oxidizer hauv torpedoes thiab submarines, muab lub zog tseem ceeb yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov pa oxygen.
Chemical Manufacturing:
Synthesis ntawm Organic Compounds: Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, hydrogen peroxide yog ib qho tseem ceeb reagent nyob rau hauv lub synthesis ntawm ntau yam organic tebchaw. Nws yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yuav tsum tau muaj peev xwm oxidative siab.
2. Kev siv chav kuaj
Analytical Chemistry: Nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj nstuam, high-concentration hydrogen peroxide tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, suav nrog ua cov reagent rau kev txiav txim siab muaj qee yam hlau lossis cov organic tebchaw los ntawm oxidation-txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj huv huv: Vim nws cov khoom muaj zog oxidizing, nws tuaj yeem siv los ntxuav thiab ua kom tsis muaj menyuam hauv chav kuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj menyuam yaus yog qhov tseem ceeb.
3. Kev siv ib puag ncig
Kev kho dej khib nyiab: Hydrogen peroxide yog siv los kho cov dej khib nyiab. Nws pab txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov pa phem thiab cov kab mob. Nws cov khoom muaj zog oxidative tso cai rau kev tawg ntawm cov organic molecules, ua rau lawv yooj yim rau lim thiab txheej txheem.
4. Kev kho mob thiab kho hniav
High-Level Disinfection: Txawm tias tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim vim nws cov concentration siab thiab muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tsis muaj menyuam cov khoom siv kho mob. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov cuab yeej uas yuav tsum tau muaj tshuaj tua kab mob siab, tab sis tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus cov txheej txheem kub kom tsis muaj menyuam.
5. Kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tuav pov hwm
Corrosive Ntuj: Ntawm 70% concentration, hydrogen peroxide yog corrosive heev. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab heev ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag puas.
Cia: Nws yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhov cua zoo kom deb ntawm cov khoom siv organic thiab txo cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb yog xav tau rau nws cov ntim khoom thiab tuav cov khoom kom tsis txhob decomposition lossis txaus ntshai tshwm sim.
Decomposition Risks: Thaum nws decomposes (txawm tias maj mam dhau sij hawm los yog sai vim muaj kev sib kis lossis kub siab), nws tso pa oxygen thiab cua sov, uas tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws kub thiab tawg.
Cov iav tiv thaiv: Kev tuav 70% hydrogen peroxide yuav tsum muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv tsim nyog, suav nrog hnab looj tes, tsom iav, thiab khaub ncaws tiv thaiv.
6. Kev tswj hwm thiab kev txhawj xeeb ib puag ncig
Kev cai: Vim nws muaj peev xwm ua tau tawg thiab nws cov reactivity siab, kev cia, thauj, thiab siv 70% hydrogen peroxide yog tswj hnyav hauv ntau lub teb chaws.
Environmental Impact: Txawm hais tias hydrogen peroxide decomposes rau hauv dej thiab oxygen, nws cov ntaub ntawv siab siab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig yog tias tsis tuav thiab pov tseg kom zoo.
